Transformational Change Management for AI-Enabled Technology Implementation in the OR

This study focused on identifying change management (CM) strategies for implementing novel artificial intelligence and similar technologies in operating rooms, and developing a new CM model for future applications. The research was based on a recent CM experience at the authors' institution from October 2020 to October 2021. The implementation process was divided into four key phases: team assembly, committee approvals, change management, and system installation and go-live.

Six key strategies were identified as crucial for successful implementation: assembling a team with necessary expertise, anticipating potential cultural and regulatory hurdles, adding agility to project planning and execution, accommodating institutional culture and regulations, ensuring early clinical partner buy-in and stakeholder engagement, and maintaining consistent communication. These strategies informed the creation of a new CM model specifically designed for operating room technology implementation. The authors suggest that this model can be customized and tested according to individual institutional needs and project characteristics, potentially improving the process of introducing novel technologies in surgical settings.